In recent years, the Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology has repeatedly issued directives advising farmers against dry-season rice farming, adjusting its recommendations based on the water availability in different regions.

Depending on local conditions, the ministry has, at times, restricted rice cultivation in certain areas to prevent water shortages and financial losses for farmers.

“The announcement advising against dry-season rice farming is to prevent farmers from financial losses. The ministry issues this guidance in advance, particularly for those in areas far from water sources. However, this is not intended to restrict farmers’ rights,” explained water resources minister Thor Chetha.

To promote water conservation, efforts are underway to encourage efficient irrigation techniques, modernise irrigation systems to reduce waste and strengthen water resource planning and management.

Ministry officials inspect efforts to irrigate dry-season rice in Svay Chrum district, Svay Rieng province, last month. Supplied

Additionally, capacity-building initiatives are being implemented to educate farming communities about the importance of sustainable water usage.

Though several improvements have been made to water systems, increasing storage capacity to 30,000 cubic metres per year, the current supply still covers only half of the Kingdom’s four million hectares of agricultural land.

“We have guidelines on efficient water use and various technical methods. Construction and promotion of modern irrigation systems is a key strategy – we aim to reduce water consumption through advanced technology,” noted Chetha.

Ongoing restoration and modernisation of irrigation infrastructure contributes to conservation by ensuring a controlled water discharge system that minimises waste.

Efforts are also focused on strengthening river basin management and developing a Climate Change Strategic Plan for Water Resources and Meteorology to enhance long-term sustainability.

The minister urged the public to follow official guidelines, particularly as the rainy season ends, so that farmers can stay informed about water resource management updates.

The Cambodian government is also focusing on the broader Mekong River Basin’s water management strategy, under the 1995 Mekong Agreement.

The ten-year Mekong River Basin Development Strategy (2021-2030) outlines key priorities: maintaining ecological functions, promoting sustainable water use, supporting economic growth and adapting to climate change.

The Tonle Sap Lake and the Mekong River, along with their tributaries such as the Sesan, Sekong, and Sre Pok rivers, remain vital water sources for agriculture and fisheries in provinces like Kampong Chhnang, Pursat and Battambang.

However, many regions, including Prey Veng, Svay Rieng, Kandal, Kampot and Takeo, continue to face water shortages, impacting both agricultural production and daily consumption.

“To mitigate these challenges, the ministry is focusing on expanding and modernising the irrigation infrastructure, rehabilitating reservoirs and exploring new ways to use water resources more efficiently,” said Chetha.

He noted that efforts are also underway to promote water conservation, improve groundwater development and encourage water-efficient farming practices.

By prioritising integrated water resource management and fostering collaboration among stakeholders, the ministry aims to ensure a stable water supply for the country’s agricultural and domestic needs, ultimately securing the Kingdom’s future water security.

Published Date: March 4, 2025