{"id":13508,"date":"2024-01-12T15:59:14","date_gmt":"2024-01-12T15:59:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/?p=13508"},"modified":"2024-01-12T16:00:36","modified_gmt":"2024-01-12T16:00:36","slug":"researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop\/","title":{"rendered":"Researchers Create Yellow Mottle Virus-Resistant Rice Crop"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop-382716-1280x720-1-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-13509\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop-382716-1280x720-1-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop-382716-1280x720-1-600x338.webp 600w, https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop-382716-1280x720-1-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop-382716-1280x720-1-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop-382716-1280x720-1.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>The so-called Rice Yellow Mottle Virus (for short: RYMV) is responsible for high crop losses in Africa, particularly among small-scale farmers. A research team from Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf (HHU) and the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) has now produced rice lines that are resistant to the disease by means of genome editing. The rice varieties, the development of which the team describes in Plant Biotechnology Journal, are a preliminary step toward being able to generate resistant locally adapted elite varieties for small-scale food producers in Africa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RYMV is an RNA virus spread by beetles and direct leaf-to-leaf contact. In Africa, where the majority of producers farm plots of land barely one hectare in size, between ten and one hundred percent of the rice harvests are regularly lost to this virus. This makes it a life-threatening problem for the poorest farmers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is no effective protection against the virus. \u201cThe only real protection is to develop rice varieties that possess a resistance gene against RYMV, which would make the plant invulnerable,\u201d says Dr Yugander Arra, lead author of the study now published in Plant Biotechnology Journal. A research team from the Institute for Molecular Physiology at HHU (headed by Professor Dr Wolf B. Frommer) and the Institut de recherche pour le d\u00e9veloppement (IRD) in Montpellier, France, has developed such resistant rice lines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Three resistance genes are currently known; mutations in just one of the genes, called&nbsp;<em>RYMV1, 2<\/em>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em>3<\/em>, are sufficient to achieve resistance. The resistant form&nbsp;<em>rymv2&nbsp;<\/em>occurs in poor-yielding African rice (<em>Oryza glaberrima<\/em>) varieties.&nbsp;<em>RYMV2<\/em>, also known as&nbsp;<em>CPR5.1<\/em>, encodes an important protein from the pores of the cell nucleus. In the model plant&nbsp;<em>Arabidopsis thaliana<\/em>, the loss of the only gene copy of&nbsp;<em>CPR5&nbsp;<\/em>results in a broad spectrum of resistance not only to viruses, but also to bacteria and fungi. However, growth is severely restricted, the plants exhibit spontaneous lesions and produce low yields. So it was important to test whether&nbsp;<em>rymv2&nbsp;<\/em>resistance could be transferred to other rice varieties without negative consequences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In Africa, other high-yield rice varieties based on the Asian species&nbsp;<em>Oryza indica<\/em>&nbsp;are mainly used and these do not have the resistance gene. Inserting the relevant gene is however not a particularly promising approach as the descendants of such \u201cinter-species\u201d hybrids are highly sterile and therefore cannot reproduce and pass on the resistance easily.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Using the CRISPR\/Cas genome editing method, the research group has now shown that mutations of the\u00a0<em>RYMV2\u00a0<\/em>gene can be produced in an Asian rice variety that make it resistant to the virus in a similar way to the African form. In the next step, the aim is to edit relevant African elite varieties in the same way in order to then make them available to African small-scale producers. Helping these farmers is the goal of the\u00a0international research consortium \u201cHealthy Crops\u201d, which is headed by HHU.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Background: Plants have hereditary mechanisms that were useful for survival in the early days of evolution, but which are now more likely to be harmful. Maize is a good example of this: A gene causes the kernels to be aborted when drought conditions prevail at the time of fertilisation. This trait caused by the gene was good for the wild perennial forebears of today\u2019s maize plants, but has a detrimental effect on the yield of the annual plants now used in agriculture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The situation is similar with the rice examined here. Professor Frommer: \u201cThis resistance trait is attributable to the loss of a gene function that is not essential. If we switch the gene off completely, the plants behave normally. However, as a result of the loss of the gene function, they are resistant to the virus.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dr Eliza Loo, Healthy Crops Group Leader, adds: \u201cIt is so to speak an archetype, which was useful for its forebears, but which now leads to devastating crop losses in periods of drought. It would appear expedient to switch this gene off and it has no obvious side effects.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Surprisingly, neither switching off the closely related<em>&nbsp;CPR5.2<\/em>&nbsp;gene nor the two genes&nbsp;<em>RYMV&nbsp;<\/em>2 and&nbsp;<em>CPR5.2<\/em>&nbsp;\u2013 at least under greenhouse conditions \u2013 leads to impairments. It is also noteworthy that the loss of&nbsp;<em>CPR5.2<\/em>&nbsp;does not lead to&nbsp;<em>RYMV&nbsp;<\/em>resistance. Everything indicates that editing the&nbsp;<em>RYMV2<\/em>&nbsp;gene is a promising approach to combating the rice disease in Africa.&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The so-called Rice Yellow Mottle Virus (for short: RYMV) is responsible for high crop losses in Africa, particularly among small-scale farmers. A research team from Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf (HHU) and the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) has now produced rice lines that are resistant to the disease by means of genome [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13509,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[416,159],"class_list":["post-13508","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles","tag-new-research","tag-global-rice-news"],"acf":{"enable_premium_overlay":false},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Researchers Create Yellow Mottle Virus-Resistant Rice Crop - Rice News Today<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Researchers Create Yellow Mottle Virus-Resistant Rice Crop - Rice News Today\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The so-called Rice Yellow Mottle Virus (for short: RYMV) is responsible for high crop losses in Africa, particularly among small-scale farmers. A research team from Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf (HHU) and the French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) has now produced rice lines that are resistant to the disease by means of genome [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Rice News Today\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-01-12T15:59:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-01-12T16:00:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop-382716-1280x720-1.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"720\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Developer Team\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Developer Team\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Developer Team\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/#\/schema\/person\/5bab6fa4a598696885d5615daac778dd\"},\"headline\":\"Researchers Create Yellow Mottle Virus-Resistant Rice Crop\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-01-12T15:59:14+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-01-12T16:00:36+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop\/\"},\"wordCount\":762,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop-382716-1280x720-1.webp\",\"keywords\":[\"New Research\",\"Global Rice News\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Articles\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/ricenewstoday.com\/dev\/researchers-create-yellow-mottle-virus-resistant-rice-crop\/\",\"name\":\"Researchers Create Yellow Mottle Virus-Resistant Rice Crop - 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